Window.



0. M. EDWARDS.

Patented Aug. 2, 1910.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

o. M. EDWARDS.

WINDOW.

APPLICATION FILED 0013, 1903.

Patented Aug. 2, 1910.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2,

OLIVER M. EDWARDS, OF SYRACUSE, NEW YOBK.

WINDOW.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 2, 1910.

Application filed October 3, 1903. Serial No. 175,580.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, OLIVER M. EDWARDS, a citizen ofthe United States, residing in Syracuse, county of Onondaga, State of Lew York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Vindows, of which the following is a clear and exact description, reference being had to the drawings accompanying and forming a part of the same.

The invention relates generally to improvements in windows in which the sashes are tightly held when in the closed position and yet are readily movable to open and close the same.

The objects of my improvements are first, to provide a window having counterbalancmg or automatic operating means arranged at one side of the plane or planes of movement of the sash in opening or closing the window opening whereby the sash is en- :bled to more or less pass by such means as the window is opened; second to provide a window having a sash arranged in cooper- .ating relations with means for holding it in one plane when closed, a portion of which is movable to permit the sash to move out of such plane in opening or closing the window with automatic operating means arranged at one side of such plane or'planes of move ment of the sash; third, to provide a window having a sash arranged in cotiperating relat ons with means for holding the sash in a tightly closed position, a portion of which s yieldingly held against the sash to hold it tightly in its frame and is movable to permit the sash to move in opening or closing the window, with counterbalancing or automatlc operating means arranged in such relation to the sash as to largely cease their counterbalancing or automatic action thereupon when the sash is in the closed position; fourth, to provide a window sash with means for holding it tightly in the closed position and adapted to permit it to move from one plane to another with counterbalancing or automatic operating "means arranged in such relation to the sash as to tend to move it from one plane to another as the :ash approximately reaches its closed posiion.

Other objects will appear from the descriptions hereinafter given; and the invention consists in the combinations of parts or devices hereinafter set forth and particularly pointed out in the claims which form a part of this specification.

Figure 1 shows in front elevation a window with one embodiment of my invention applied thereto, a portion of the casing inclosing the parts being broken away to better illustrate some of the parts and their relations to co-acting parts. Fig. 2 is a vertical section of the construction shown in Fig. 1, on line 2-2, thereof, with the window closed. Fig. 3 is a vertical section, the same as Fig. 2, but with window open and the sash wholly inclosed within that part of the structure below the window opening. Fig. at is a similar view, but with the sash shown in the position it may occupy while being moved from the position seen in Fig. 2 to that seen in Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a sectional view of a portion of the sash holding means, on line 5-5 of Fig. 1, but on an enlarged scale to better illustrate the means which yieldingly hold the sash in the closed position in the construction shown in the foregoing figurcs. Fig. 6 is a sectional view of the same parts but seen from a point at a right angle to the point of view in Fig. 5, showing the connection of the spring with the movableportion of the sash holding means and the window frame. Fig. 7 is a side elevation of a modification in the construction of the upper portion of one side of the sash holding means seen in Figs. 2, 3 and 4, whereby such portion is yieldingly held in place against the sash if desired. Fig. 8 is a vertical sectional view of a construction wherein the sash moves in a single plane in opening and closing the window,

and different holding means are employed.

. nim MM kMMW 35 the sash difierently arranged relatively to the sash and a weather strip is ap lied to contact with the sash as it is move into the closed posi.ion. Fig. 12 shows in vertical section 5 another arrangement of automatic raising means relatively to the sash and means for moving the sash away from the sill of the fi ame and against the stress of the counter-' balancing or automatic raising means, with a modified form of seat for the sash to rest upon, when in the closed position. Fig. 13 shows on enlarged scale'the parts seen at the bottom of the sash in Fig. 10.

In Figs. 1, 2, 3, and 4, A is the sash which 15 moves, as there shown, downwardly to open the window and upwardly to close it. A second at i Stat onary sash A is shown above the movable one, which may be employed or not, as one desires, and as here shown it is arran ed in a different plane from that in which the movable sash A is arranged. 4 B is the window frame in which th .11 A moves, there being a fixed portion 6 and a movable portion 6' attached to the frame B, which together form a guideway in which the sash moves and also holding means to hold the sash in the closed position. As shown in these figures the movable portion 3 6' consists of two portions pivoted to the frame at 5 b on o posite edges of the sash which are connecte together at the bottom a cross sill rtion b. This movable portion I) is re erably. spring pressed against so as to hold the sash against rattlin and to reventthe ingress of dirt and co d air. T is may be accomplished by the means shown in Figs. 5 and 6, or otherwise, as the constructor desires. As shown the springs C one connected with each side pprtion, as b are arranged with one end aring against such movable portion and the other end of each sprin bearing against an adjacent portion of the ame B, in a direction to force such movable rtion against the sash. Any suitable han 1e, such as is seen in section in Fi 2, may be attached to the sill portion 6, y which such portion may be moved from the osition seen in Fig.

2 away from the sash X to the desired extent.

In that portion of 'the structure shown in the foregoing fi ures below the sash A a pocket or recess i. is formed into which the sash may be moved when the window is o ned, as seen in Fi 3, where the sill portion I), of the movab e portion of the holding means is partially overlapping and thereby coverin a portion of the upper edge of the sash holding it within the pocket and partially hiding the sash from view, such sill rtion b occupying the same position in Fig. 3 that it does in F ig. 2.

- As shown, counterbalancin or automatic raising or operating means are arranged sli ht beneath this sill portion 6 and outsi e o the path of movement or at one side of the plane or planes of movement of the sash, as it enters or leaves the pocket or recess E. The automatic operating or coun- 7o terbalancing means here shown consist of a spring roller suitably mounted in the posit on shown with a band of cloth, or other suitable flexible material, connected at one end to the roller and at the other end to the sash, so as to exert a lifting action upon the sash A, suiiicient to counterbalance or partially counterbalance its weight, or to entirely overcome such weight and move the sash from the position seen in Fig. 3 to that seen in Fig. 2, as soon as the sill portion 1; is moved away from over the sash A, the sash acquiring sufiicient momentum to carry it above its normal resting place, when the window is closed. A com aratively slight g5 pressure against the face 0 the sash by the sill portion b overcomes the sidewise pulling action of the spring roller upon the lower ed e of the sash and forces this portion of t e sash into the plane it normally go occupies when closed, so that, as the sash settles downward it rests upon the inclined ledge of the window sill as shown in Fig. 2. The momentum the sash acquires depends upon the tension or stress given to the spring 5 of the roller when this spring is adjusted for the automatic raising, or for counterbalancing the sash. If the sash is simply coun terbalanced then it has to be moved in either direction, that is, forced into the closed or 190 into the open position. If the spring is adjusted for automatic closing, or lifting the sash, then the sash is forced down into the pocket or recess E against the stress of the spring of the means D. These means D may 5 be of. any desired construction, but I prefer to use such, for example, as are set forth in patents heretofore granted me, Nos. 704,7 38, or 708,701.

If desired the upper parts of movable rtion b of the sash holding means may spring pressed against the sash. In Fig. 7 one means of accomplishing this end is shown, but other means of yieldingl holding this rtion of the sash may emloyed, i desired. In Fig. 7 the parts I) are slightly slotted at their pivotal points to the frame B and springs b engage with the pivotal oint, with the frame, and also with the stud b' on the part b, and consequently this portion is forced toward the sash, it being understood that this portion of the frame is suitably constructed to permit the parts I) to properly bear against the upper, as well as the lower, ortions of the sash, 25' when the sash is to held against rattling &c. The pivotal points of the movable portion 12 of the sash holding means are here shown above the topmost portions of the sash A, 13

and as a result, the entire sash is relieved .from the holding action of such portions when the sill portion Z- is moved to permit the lower portion of the sash to move inward and downward into the recess E. For this reason it is preferred to thus mount the movable portion of the holding means which are moved to release the sash, but. any form of sash holding means may be employed, having either all fixed parts, or some pivoted or otherwise made movableand some fixed.

In Fig. 8 a different form of sash holding means are employed and the sash moves down to open in the same plane it occupies when closed. The connterbalancing or antomatic raising means, D, may be of a similar construction to those heretofore mentioned. As indicated these means D con- 51st of a spring roller and band of cloth so connected with and arranged relatively to the sash thatthe sash is moved downward, or into the open position, by its own weight as soon as it is released from the holding means, the means D only partially counterbalancing the weight of the sash. The movable portions of the sash holding means are of the general character of the means set forth in Letters Patent No. 655,332, but they are so arranged as to tend to lock the sash in the closed position notwithstanding that the sash moves down wardly to open in this construction seen in Fig. 8, instead of upwardly, as in Patent No. 655,332. In each case the sash is automatic-- ally moved. in the opening direction and is moved by the hand of the operator into the closed position, and the sash is locked in such position against the tendency to automatically open. These holding means, seen in Fig. 8, also differ from those seen in Pat ent No. 655,332, in that the movable bars which are spring pressed against the sash are connected together, as shown, and may be simultaneously moved by a single handle, such as is indicated in cross section in Fig. 2, if desired, or otherwise. In this construction seen in Fig. 8 the sash does not move entirely below the sill, when fully opened, but its upper portion remains slightly above the sill, as indicated by dotted lines, showing the position of the handle 0 when the window is open, its position being seen in full lines when the window is closed.

- In Fig. 8 B is the frame and A is the movable sash. The frame is provided with fixed or stationary stop beads, as b", to form the exterior portions of the guideway in which the sash moves and with movable portions, as G, which are spring pressed against the sash and tend to wedge against the sash in a well known manner, so that as the sash moves in the opening direction it is wedged ind held against further movement in that lirection. These portions G are connected pgether by a portion G, as shown. These movable portions G of the holding means are each preferably composed of a bar 9 fixedly secured to the window frame to which are pivotally attached two or more links, as shown, the free ends of which links are pivotally attached to a bar g, as shown, and a spring or springs g These bars 9' may be moved against the stress of the springs in any desired manner. I prefer in practice to employ the means shown in Patent 655,332, with the locking devices there shown, but any other desired form, or similar means and devices may be employed, by which the sash may be released by a single hand of the operator, or other devices and means may be used, if desired. The

movable portion of the holding means shown in Fig. 8 may be manually operated by two different means. One of these means consists of levers, as g, which are pivoted to the bars 9 and each engages with a pin 9 attached to bar g. This lever g may be provided at its free end with a stud and knob to form a handle to take hold of and move the same in a direction to move the bar g away from engagement with sash A and release it from the holding action of bar g, It is to be understood that each side edge of the sash is to be provided with a similar movable bar 9' and co-acting parts, as are shown in this Fig. 8. Each movable bar g connects with an elbow lever g, which is pivotally mounted to the window frame, as shown. These elbow levers g are pivotally connected with the movable sill portion, G, of the holding means at g, as shown. By this means the movement of the bars g upwardly and away from the sash moves the .sill portion of the holding means'away from and out from under the sash A and permits it to drop downwardly into the open position. The sash may be moved into the closed position by taking hold of the handle 0 and moving it upwardly until the sill portion moves in under the sash and locks it against gravity, in the closed position. as shown. Instead of using the levers y to move the bars 9 away from the sash A a handle, as indicated in Fig. 2, may be employed. As the bars 7' and movable Slll portion G are connected together, as shown,

the movement of such sill portion necessarily moves the bars and releases the sash both from the locking action of sill G .and the holding action of bars g.

In Fig. 9 the countcrbalancing or automatic opening or closing means are somewhat differently arranged relatively to the sash than what is the case in the construction shown in Figs. 1, 2, 3, and 4. the remaining parts being substantially the same in construction, arrangement and mode of operation.

Where the structure, as for instance a railway car, has thin walls and space is somewithin the rollers, have to be of a considerable diameter, in some cases as much as three and a half inches, and such rollers with the necessary space for the sash to pass by the roller'occupya considerable space, and sometimes more than the ordinary construction of cars will permit.

In the construction illustrated in Fi 9 the advantages of mounting the counter alancin or automatic operating means are at- I taine within a space sufiicient to receive the roller and permit it to freel rotate, and it is possible to locate such rol er at'a point in the structure where a slight thickening of the side wall of the structure can be more easily done and the space be less valuable than is the case if such roller be located about where they are shown mounted in preceding figures of the drawings.

As seen in Fig. 9 the roller portion (1 of the means D is mounted adjacent to the floor of the structure, and out of the way of the sash as it moves to o n the window. Adjacent to and sli htly neath the sill portion of the win ow a small roller d orming a portion of the automatic 0 mt ing or actuating means D is journa ed in bearings, so as to freely turn therein, and in such relation to the sash and cloth band, d, (or other flexible connecting means between the sash and spring roller,) that the spring roller d and band 11 co-act with the sash in substantially the same way, as in preceding constructions, to produce the same result. These means D consist of the ring roller d the flexible connecting means 3 and roller J over which means d pass to connect with 'the sash A, as shown. The movable portion G of the sash holding means may be of the form seen in Figs. 1, 2 and 3, the sill portion i, of such means, being shaped as seen, if desired, or otherwise.

Instead of shaping the lower edge of the sash as seen in preceding figures so as to be substantially held in the closed position by a wedging action of the parts such edge may be shaped otherwise, as for instance as seen in Fig. 10, so that the sash may be moved out of the plane it occupies when closed.

without lifting it to any substantial extent and thereby enable the stress of the spring of the roller of the operating means to move it from such plane, notwithstanding the action of gravity, upon the movement of the movable portion of the holding means away from the sash and permit it to drop a short distance by the action of grav- 1ty and until the stress of the spring in the roller will sustain the weight of the sash. Otherwise the operation of the parts is the same in this construction of Fig. 10 as it is in the construction shown in Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 4.

It is always desirable that a watertight joint be provided at the bottom edge of the sash, so that it be diilicult for water to be driven by the force of the wind into and through the joint between the sash and sill and consequently into the interior portion of the structure. In some of the preceding figures of the drawings'the sill is given a decided. incline downward and outward and the lower outer portion of the sash is given a shape substantially corresponding with that of the sill, so that gravity will tend to exclude and also to remove the water which may be driven in up the incline of the sill.

In the construction shown in Fig. 10 a yielding substance is inte osed between the sash and sill, so that the oint may be sufiilifting up the sash, when moving it from the closed position into one where it may move downward and past the sill upon which it rested when in the closed position.

ciently water tight without materially- This yielding substance may be constructed and applied in any desired manner, as for instance, as a solid strip of india rubber, or similar material, or in the form of a yieldin metal strip suitably arranged to yield and snugly fit the sill portion upon which the sash rests when closed, or of a combination of rubber and metal, or of other similar materials.

In Fig. 10 a U sha d piece of sheet metal is employed to whic is attached a strip of india-rubber so that the india-rubber is interposed asseen in F i 13 between the metal bar and sill of the window frame, when the window is closed, thus forming water exeluding means. The sash A is movable in the-frame B, as before explained, and the operating means D is connected with the sash substantially as before. The movable portion G of the sash holding means is spring pressed toward the sash with a force at overcomes the pulling action of the operating means D so that the sash may be firmly held in the closed position by such holding means, the sill portion j, bein shaped so as to sustain or lock the sas against gravity when in the closed osition as shown. The U bar a is attache to the sash with its open end nward, as showmand it is provided with strip, a, of india-rubber, or of cloth and rubber, as shown. The weight of the sash is suflicicut to bring the rubber strip into close and intimate contact with the sill, and the sash can move from the closed position without materially lifting the i same. If desired any other form of yielding cushion may be provided for the sash sons to exclude water, dirt and cold, as for instance a solid strip or bar of indie-rubber, as indicated in Fig 12.

A joint provided with a weather strip may be formed, as seain Fig. 11, where the sash A is movable in the frame B", and the operating means I) are so connected and arranged relatively to the sash, that such means always have substantially the same lifting action upon the sash, huii'cr springs, as K, being arranged above the sash to force the sash down upon its scat upon the sill after theyhave been compressed by the momentum of the sash in closing.

A recess is formed in the sill to receive the weather strip m and bar 17, by which such strip is fastened to the sill with the free edge of the strip extending upwardly so as to be engaged by the beveled portion of the sash and forced over into the position shown when sash A is in its closed position.

Metal strips, as J, may be attached to the side edges of the sash, as indicated in dotted lines in Fig. 11, by screws, one strig at each side edge. These strips or bars extend downwardly some little distam and at their lower ends open slots are formed in which a metal bar 7' is received. To this bar one end o a flexible band of material is attached as indicated, such bar being below the axis of the spring roller of operating means I) so as to continue to lift 11 on the sash when in position to close the window. The metal bar it forms a seat upon which the sash can rest and he sustained or locked against. gravity and held in position by the movable )OItlOll (l of the sash holdim means. The buffer springs, as K, hold the sash touts seat as does gravity in some of the preceding constructions. These butler springs also assist in overcoming the momentum o the sash without a too sudden stopping thereof.

In Fig. 12 a construction is shown in which the window is automatically closed upon simply releasing the. sash, when in the open iosition, notwithstanding the sash is moved into a different plane from that in which it moved while closing to bring it into the closed position. and also that the sash is moved beyond the lifting action of the spring roller connected therewith.

The sash A is movable in frame I3 as in precedingconstructions, the holding means G operating generally, if desired, as in t m construction shown in Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 4. The sash operating means I) are arranged, as shown, and act. generally upon the sash in moving it up and down substantially as in preceding constructions, but have a different action in moving the sash from its plane or planes of movement to the plane it occupies when closed, from what such means have, as heretofore shown, by reason of being mounted as shown, relatively to the sash. D

As shown in Fig. 12 a bar m of indiarubber is atlixed to the lower edge of the sash upon which the sash rests when in the closed position, the bar being in close and intimate contact with the uppermost portion of the sill. The flexible material of means D is connected with the sash A by means of the bar j in any suitable manner to firmly engage therewith. The means D are arranged relatively to the sash so as to pull it from the plane in which it moves when entering and leaving the pocket or recess E into the plane it occupies when closed, as shown.

In order to move sash A from the position seen in Fig. 12 to a position where it will pass down by the sill of frame B and means D a suitable catch or catches are employed one form of which is shown. This catch 0 consists of a lever 0 pivotally mounted upon the sill portion 2" of the movable sash holding means G. This lever o is provided with :1 depending detcnt portion 0", beveled at its forward end so as to engage with the striking plate 0', attached to the sash i as shown, be lifted upwardly and into position to engage therewith, as the sill portion '1" is moved into the position shown. which is after the sash has been placed in position for the striking plate 0' to receive the detent 0 such detent engaging with the striking plate, as shown, by gravity or a suitable spring as desired.

'hen the sash is to he opened the sill portion 71 of the holding means G is moved outwardly in :1 dir *ction away from the sash and as detent 0 has engaged with the striking late 0 the sash is moved with it until the or m has moved out of contact with the sill of frame B, when gravity causes sash A to drop down until the stress of the spring of means D sustains the weight of the sash, the striking plate dropping downwardly with the sash away from and out of engagement with detent or catch 0. \Vhen the sash is in this position the hand of the operator placed on the top of the sash can easily force the sash against the stress of the spring of means D, into the pocket E so as to admit of the sill portion 2", of the holding means G, to pass over the inner top edge of the sash. somewhat as seen in Fig. 3, when it will be held in the open position until means G is moved to release it. \Vhen so released the stress of the spring of such means D" may return the sash to the fully closed position. the momentum the sash acquires carrying it upward from the position where means 1) cease to lift it to the point where it. is free to move over the sill of the frame 13. The momentum will naturally carry the sash somewhat beyond this point, but gravity causes it to drop down and rest upon the sill, as shown, the means i) pulling it forward into position to so dro down. The stress of the spring of means 5 tends to hold the lower portion of the sash in its closed position, and also tightly against the fixed portion b, of the sash holdin means, thus aiding in excluding dirt and co d air.

In Fig. 11 it will be observed that bufler springs are combinedwith the sash and automatic operating means in such manner that the sash may rest upon the sill of the window frame as is the case in some of the other constructions shown in the drawings, the force of the bufler springs overcoming the stress of the spring or springs of the roller of operating means D, and a water tight joint may be made at the bottom of the sash, the same as where gravity acts to firmly seat the sash u on the sill of the frame. The means emp oyed, whether gravity or buffers, are other than the automatic operating means connected with the sash. Also that in each case the sash is more or less supported by some portion of the holdmg means when in the closed position.

Different terms have been used when referring to or describing the automatic opcrating means mentioned in the claims. The term used in the claims is intended to include all those used in the specification,

for the only difference between counterbalancing and automatic operating means is in the adjustment of the tension or stress of the spring or springs of the roller composing a part of such means. The spring or springs of such a roller may be adjusted so as to just counterbalance, partially counterbalance, or wholly overcome the weight of the sash as the constructor sees fit without materially changing the character of the action of the roller upon the sash. It is also to be observed that the automatic Operating means may be arranged so as to automatically operate to open the window as in the construction shown in Fig. 8, or to close the window by a lifting action upon the sash sufiicient to overcome its weight and cause it to move into the closed position, or to simply balance the weight of the sash, but when the sash moves downward, as here shown, to open the window, the stress or tens on of the 5 ring or springs of the roller tends to lift t e sash regardless of the position such spring or springs occupy relatively to the sash itself, whether it be that seen in Figs. 1', 2, 3 and 4, that seen in Fig. 8, that in Fig.

9, that in Fig. 11, or that seen in Fig. 12.

Also that in each of the constructions shown there is a more or less sidewise pull upon the sash by such means when the sash is in the closed position. In each of the constructions shown the automatic actuating or operating means act upon the sash, with an increasing force, as

the sash moves in the opening direction, this storing up additional ower to act during the closing of the win ow. In all but one, Fig. 11, of such constructions these means cease to exert a liftin action upon the sash before it has reached t e closed position. In all of the constructions shown the sash moves, in opening and closing the window, in a guideway formed of fixed and movable portions. These movable portions move to hold the sash closed and to permit it to move in the guideway, and, as thus formed, the guideway holds the sash tightly, excludes dirt and cold and prevents rattling, when the window is closed. Also in each construction means are provided which lock or sustain the sash in position against gravity and such means are other than the automatic actuating or operating means, and may serve the purpose and also assist in excluding water, dirt and cold at the bottom of the sash, and coacting with other means in accomplishing a unitary result, as particularly pointed out in some of the clauns forming a portion of this specification.

Different embodiments of my invention have been shown in the drawings, but I do notwish to limit my invention to these specific forms, and desire to include all such as have their parts combined together so as to co-act in substantially the manner hcreinbefore set forth, and particularly pointed out in the claims annexed hereto.

\Vhat I claim as new is 1. In a window the combination, substantially as set forth, of a sash, a guideway therefor a portion of which is movable relatively to another portion to hold the sash tightly therein and permit it to move freely in opening the window, and automatic operating means connected to the sash a portion of which is mounted outside of its path of movement to act thereon with increasing force as the sash moves in the opening direction.

2. In a window the combination, substantially as set forth, of a sash, a guideway therefor a portion of which is movable relatively to another portion to hold the sash tightly therein and permit it to move out of the plane it normally occupies into a different plane in which it moves when opening and closing the window, and automatic operating means connected with the sash a portion of which is mounted outside of its path of movement. to act thereon with increasing force as the sash moves in the opening direction.

3. In a window the combination, substantially as set forth, of a frame, a sash movable therein means adapted to tightly hold the sash in the frame and permit it to move free! therein for opening and closing the win ow, and automatic operating means a portion of which is connected with the sash and another ortion is mounted at one side of the path 0 movement of the sash in opening the window, which mounted portion is adapted to exert force on the sash in substantially two directions, one at an angle to the other, when the sash is adjacent to its closed position.

4. In a window the combination, substantially as set forth, of a sash, means adapted to hold the sash closed and to release the same, and automatic actuating means having a portion mounted at one side of the path of movement of the sash and another portion connected thereto at a point where such means exerts force to move the sash from one plane to another, when in the closed position, and exerts force to move it vertically, when opening and closing the window.

In a window the combination, substantially as set forth, of a sash, means adapted to hold the sash closed and to release the same, and automatic actuating means, having a ortion mounted at one side of th path 0 movement of the sash and another portion connected thereto at a point where such means cease to exert a lifting force upon the sash when near the closed position- 6. In a window the combination, substan tially as set forth, of a sash. means adapted to hold the sash closed and to release the same, and automatic actuating means, having a portion mounted at one side of the path of movement of the sash and another portion connected thereto above the central portion of such mounted part, when in the closed position.

7. In a window the combination, substantially as set forth, of a sash, means adapted to hold the sash closed and to release the same, and automatic actuating means, having a portion mounted at one side of the path of movement of the sash and another portion connected thereto at a point to exert force thereon in different directions at differentperiods of its movement.

8. In a window the combination, substantially as set forth, of a sash, a guiclewa therefor portions o f which are movable toward and away from the sash in a direction transverse to the plane of its movementin opening and closing the window, and automatic operating means mounted to a fixed portion of the window and connected to the sash to apply force thereto in a direction transverse to the plane it occupies when in the closed position and permitting the sash to move at the side of a portion of such means as it moves in the opening operation.

9. In a window the combination, substantially as set forth, of a sash. a guideway therefor portions of which, one at each side of the window, are mounted to engage with the same side of the sash and move relatively to the opposite portions of such guideway to hold it tightly therein and permit the sash to move freely when the window is to be opened or closed, and automatic operating means connected to the sash and mounted outside of its path of movement and acting thereon with increasing force as the sash moves in the opening direction.

10. In a window the combination,substantially as set forth, of a sash, a guidewa therefor portions of which are pivotally mounted to engage with the same side of the sash at opposite edge portions thereof and move relatively thereto in the same direction in opening and closing the window, and automatic operating means connected to the sash and mountcd'outsidc of its path of movement and acting thereon with increasing force as the sash moves in the opening direction.

11. In a window the combination, substantially as set forth, of a sash, a guideway therefor a portion of which is movable relatively to another portion to hold the sash tightly therein and permit it to move in a different plane-in opening and closing the window from what it occupies when in the closed position. and automatic operating means connected'to the sash and mounted outside of its path of movement and acting thereon with increasing force as the sash moves in the opening direction.

12. In a window the combination, substantially as set forth, of a sash, means adapted to engage with the lower portion of the sash and lock it against the action of gravity when closed. means adapted to be moved to release the sash, and automatic actuating means. having a portion mounted at one side of the path of movement of the sash and another portion connected thereto at a point to exert a lifting action thereon for a major portion only of its movement in opening and closing.

13. In a window the combination, substantially as set forth, of a sash, means adapted to move and engage with the lower portion of the sash and lock it against the action of gravity when closed, spring pressed parts adapted to engage with the sash and hold it closed, and automatic means, having a portion mounted at one side of the path of movement of the sash and another portion connected thereto at a point to exert a lifting section thereon for a ma or portion only of its movement in opening and closing.

14. In a window the combination. substantially as set forth, of a sash movable in substantially two directions. holding means therefor. a portion of which is movable in substantially one of the directions the sash moves, and means attached to such portion of the holding means and engaging with the sash causing it to move in the opening direction, as such portion moves, until such means are automatically disengaged from the sash.

15. In a window the combination, substantially as set forth, of a sash, means adapted to engage with the lower portion of the sash and lock it against the action of gravity, means, other than the operating means, adapted to exert force and tending to hold the sash against the locking means, and automatic actuating means, having a portion mounted at one side of the path of movement of the sash and another portion connected thereto at a point to exert a lifting action thereon for a major portion only of its movement in opening and closing.

16. Ina window the combination, substantially as set forth, of a sash, means for holding the sash in the closed positionand permitting it to be moved therefrom, and automatic operating means mounted adjacent to the sash and connected therewith in such manner as to tend to move it in the closing direction with a decreasing force as the closed position is reached and thereby permit the operating means to be overcome and the sash to be moved in the opposite direction.

17. In a window the combination, substant'nilly as set forth, of a sash, means for holding the sash in the closed position and permit it to be moved therefrom, and auto matic operating means mounted adjacent to the sash and connected therewith in such a manner as to automatically move it into approximately its closed position and then to act thereon in a direction to hold the sash a ainst the sill to exclude dirt and currents 0 air.

18 In a window the combination, substantially as set forth, of a sash, a guideway therefor, a portion of which is movable relatively to another portion to hold the sash closed and permit it to move therein, automatic o erating means connected with the sash an exerting its force thereon in the closing direction, and means adapted to engage with the up er portion of the sash and ock it against t re action of the operating means.

19. In a window the combination, substantially as set forth, of a sash, a guideway therefor, a portion of which is movable relatively to another portion to hold the sash closed and permit it to move therein, automatic operating means connected with the sash and exerting its force thereon in the closing direction, and means attached to the movable portion of the guideway and adapted to engage with the upper portion of the sash an lock it against the action of the operating means.

20. In a window the combination, substantially as set forth, of-a sash, holding means therefor, portions of which are connected together and movable by the grasp ing of a single part to permit the sash to move in opening and closing, operating means automatically controlling the movement of the sash in one direction, and means, other than the operating and holding'means, tending to hold the sash in engagement with the sill of the window, when in the closed position.

22. In a window the combination, substantially as set forth, of a sash, holding means therefor, portions of which are movable, means adapted to yieldingly press such sash against fixed. portions of the holding means, when in the closed position, an yield, when the window is opened, means fixed in position over which the sash may pass and he received in closing the window, and operating means automatically controlling the movement of the sash and ada ted to permit the sash to rest against such xed means, when in the closed position.

23. In a window the combination, substantially as set forth, of a. sash, a guideway therefor, a portion of which is movable relatively to another portion to hold the sash closed and permit it to move therein, automatic operating means connected with the sash and exerting its force thereon in the closing direction, and means adapted to move with the movable portion of the guideway and partially close the opening in which the sash moves in opening and closing.

24. In a window the combination, substantially as set forth, of a sash, a guidewa therefor, a portion of which is movable re atively to another portion to hold the sash closed and permit it to move therein, automatic operating means connected with the sash and exerting its force thereon in the closing direction, and means adapted to move with the movable portion of the guideway and partially close the opening in which the sash moves when in either the opened or closed position.

25. In a window the combination, substantially as set forth, of a sash, a guideway therefor, a portion of which is movable rel 'atively to another portion to hold the sash closed and permit it to move therein, automatiE operating means connected with the sash and exerting its force thereon in the closing direction, and means adapted to 13.

move over the upper e of the sash when in the open position an lock it against the action ofthe operatin means.

26. In a window t e combination, substantially as set forth, of a sash, means adapted to hold the sash closed and to release the same, automatic 0 erating means connected with the sash an exerting force thereon in the closing direction, and means adapted to move over the upper edge of the sash and substantially close the opening in which it moves, when in the open position.

27. In a window the combination, substantially as set forth, of a sash, a guideway therefor, a portion of which is movable relatively to another portion to holdthe sash closed and to permit it to move therein, au-

tomatic operating means connected with the sash and exerting force thereon in a closing direction, and means attached to and movable with the movable portion of the guideway and adapted to move over the upper edge of the sash and substantially close the opening in which it moves, when 1n the open position.

28. In a window the combination, substantially as set forth, of a sash, a guideway therefor composed of two portions one of which is movable relatively to the other to hold the sash tightly therein when in the closed position and permit it to change its position from one plane to another in movmg to its open position, and automatic actuating means mounted adjacent to the sash and connected therewith in such a manner as to act thereon in a direction tending to move the sash transversely to its normal closed position.

OLIVER M. EDWARDS.

Witnesses:

, EDNA Lam),

LULU A. TONER. 

